{"paper":{"title":"Instantons and topological order in two-leg electron ladders: A universality class","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","authors_text":"Hoang-Anh Le, Hyun Cheol Lee, In-Hwan Lee, S.-R. Eric Yang","submitted_at":"2025-05-30T01:57:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Our numerical study of the disordered Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor hopping shows that a two-leg electron ladder has a finite topological entanglement entropy in the regime where the density of states exhibits an exponentially decaying gap. The value of the topological entanglement entropy suggests that two-leg ladders belong to the same universality class as graphene zigzag nanoribbons, despite several structural differences. A Shankar-Witten-type bosonization Lagrangian with disorder captures several features of the numerically obtained results for disordered two-leg ladders. Additiona"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.24130","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.24130/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}