{"paper":{"title":"Steady-state microwave mode cooling with a diamond NV ensemble","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.app-ph"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Dirk Englund, Donald P. Fahey, Hyeongrak Choi, Jonathan E. Hoffman, Kurt Jacobs, Matthew E. Trusheim, Matthew J Turner","submitted_at":"2022-03-07T15:25:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"A fundamental result of quantum mechanics is that the fluctuations of a bosonic field are given by its temperature $T$. An electromagnetic mode with frequency $\\omega$ in the microwave band has a significant thermal photon occupation at room temperature according to the Bose-Einstein distribution $\\bar{n} = k_BT / \\hbar\\omega$. The room temperature thermal state of a 3 GHz mode, for example, is characterized by a mean photon number $\\bar{n} \\sim 2000$ and variance $\\Delta n^2 \\approx \\bar{n}^2$. This thermal variance sets the measurement noise floor in applications ranging from wireless commun"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2203.03462","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2203.03462/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}