{"paper":{"title":"CLONE: A 3DGS-Based Closed-Loop Differentiable Optimization Framework for Single-Image Normal Estimation","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Jiaxing Shen, Tao Yan, Wei Li, Yanxing Liang, Yinghui Wang","submitted_at":"2025-08-08T02:32:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose CLONE, a 3DGS-based Closed-Loop differentiable Optimization framework for single-image Normal Estimation. The core idea is to construct an \"image-geometry-image\" consistency loop that unifies and jointly constrains the limitations of both paradigms: the reliance on explicit supervision without cross-domain geometric constraints in discriminative methods, and the absence of stable differentiable optimization pathways in generative methods despite strong generative priors. Specifically, we first employ 3D Gaussian Splatting to explicitly parameterize the scene and derive continuous an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2508.05950","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2508.05950/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}