{"paper":{"title":"Orbits of photon in Bardeen-boson stars and their frozen states","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Long-Xing Huang, Shi-Xian Sun, Yong-Qiang Wang, Yu-Peng Zhang, Zhen-hua Zhao","submitted_at":"2025-03-19T08:29:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"In a recent study [1], the Bardeen-boson star (BBS) model involving a scalar field minimally coupled to Einstein gravity and a Bardeen's nonlinear electromagnetic field was investigated. It was found that when the magnetic charge $q$ of the electromagnetic field exceeds a certain critical value $q_c$, a frozen Bardeen-boson star (FBBS) can be obtained with the frequency approaching zero. In this paper, we study the null orbits in the background of the general BBS and FBBS. We find that similar to the boson star (BS), all BBSs do not have the event horizon and possess complete null geodesics, a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.14984","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2503.14984/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}