{"paper":{"title":"Astro2020 Science White Paper: Exploration and characterization of the earliest epoch of galaxy formation: beyond the re-ionization era","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Akio Inoue (Osaka Sangyo U.), Bunyo Hatsukade (U.~Tokyo), Claudia Cicone (INAF), Frank Bertoldi (AIfA), Helmut Dannerbauer (IAC, Hideki Umehata (RIKEN), Kotaro Kohno (University of Tokyo), Ryohei Kawabe (NAOJ), Tai Oshima (NAOJ), Tatsuya Takekoshi (U.~Tokyo), ULL), Yoichi Tamura (Nagoya), Yuki Yoshimura (U.~Tokyo)","submitted_at":"2019-07-08T10:09:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"State-of-the-art rest-frame UV and FIR photometric and spectroscopic observations are now pushing the redshift frontiers of galaxy formation studies up to $z\\sim9-11$ and beyond. Recent HST observations unveiled the presence of a star-forming galaxy exhibiting the Lyman break at $\\lambda_{\\rm obs}=1.47\\pm0.01$ $\\mu$m, i.e., a $z=11.09^{+0.08}_{-0.12}$ galaxy with a stellar mass of $\\sim10^9 M_\\odot$, demonstrating that galaxy build-up was well underway early in the epoch of reionization (EoR) at $z>10$. Targeted spectroscopy of a lensed Lyman break galaxy uncovers the earliest metals known to "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1907.03488","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}