{"paper":{"title":"An Application of Markov Chain Analysis to Integer Complexity","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.CO"],"primary_cat":"math.NT","authors_text":"Christopher E. Shriver","submitted_at":"2015-11-24T19:40:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"The complexity $f(n)$ of an integer was introduced in 1953 by Mahler & Popken: it is defined as the smallest number of $1$'s needed in conjunction with arbitrarily many +, * and parentheses to write an integer $n$ (for example, $f(6) \\leq 5$ since $6 = (1+1)(1+1+1)$). The best known bounds are $$ 3 \\log_{3}{n} \\leq f(n) \\leq 3.635 \\log_{3}{n}.$$ The lower bound is due to Selfridge (with equality for powers of 3); the upper bound was recently proven by Arias de Reyna & Van de Lune, and holds on a set of natural density one.\n  We use Markov chain methods to analyze a large class of algorithms, i"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1511.07842","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}