{"paper":{"title":"Scaling 5G-TSN Bridges: Operating Regimes, Scheduling, and Time Synchronisation Under Heterogeneous Industrial Traffic","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NI","authors_text":"Cormac Sreenan, Dirk Pesch, Mohamed Seliem, Utz Roedig","submitted_at":"2026-08-14T15:29:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"3GPP Release 16 enables a 5G system to operate as a transparent IEEE 802.1 TSN bridge, but its scalability under heterogeneous industrial workloads remains insufficiently characterised. This paper uses the nascTime framework on OMNeT++/Simu5G to evaluate how many TSN endpoints a single 5G NR cell can bridge before per-flow QoS degrades. We model closed-loop control, machine vision, bulk telemetry, and IEEE 802.1AS traffic over a four-bearer SDAP architec- ture, varying the number of endpoints from 1 to 40, MAC scheduler, radio bandwidth (10 MHz and 20 MHz), and channel model. Results show thre"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2608.14386","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2608.14386/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}