{"paper":{"title":"Whose Agent Are You? Multi-Layer Fingerprinting and Attribution of Autonomous Web Agents","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Amir Houmansadr, Dayeon Kang, Hyejun Jeong, Jade Sheffey, Pubali Datta","submitted_at":"2026-06-18T20:07:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"As AI web agents proliferate, combining large language models with autonomous, browser-level control, indiscriminate content scraping by web agents has emerged as a privacy and security challenge. Existing defenses, such as robots.txt and active bot-blocking, are insufficient, as they are widely violated and easily circumvented. In this work, we demonstrate that AI web agents can be effectively distinguished from humans and traditional crawlers using a multi-layer fingerprint based on both network layer characteristics (e.g., TLS, HTTP) and browser interaction behavior. We implement this mecha"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.20910","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.20910/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}