{"paper":{"title":"Direct measurement of electron numbers created at infrared laser-induced ionization of various gases","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"A. Sharma, A. Shashurin, K. A. Rahman, M. N. Shneider, M. Slipchenko","submitted_at":"2018-10-15T02:08:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this work, we present temporally resolved measurements of electron numbers created at photoionization of various gases by femtosecond laser pulse at 800 nm wavelength. The experiments were conducted in $O_2$, $Xe$, $Ar$, $N_2$, $Kr$ and $CO$ at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Elastic microwave scattering was used to directly measure the electron numbers. Numbers of electrons in the range $3*10^8$ to $3*10^{12}$ electrons were produced by the laser pulse energies 100-700 uJ. After the laser pulse, plasma decayed on the time scale varied from 1 to 40 ns depending on the gas type an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.06153","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}