{"paper":{"title":"Tropical transition of Hurricane Chris (2012) over the North Atlantic Ocean: A multi-scale investigation of predictability","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","authors_text":"2), (2) Institute for Atmospheric Physics, (3) Numerical Weather Prediction Research Section, Andreas H. Fink (1), Canada), Climate Change Canada, Climate Research, Dorval, Enrico Di Muzio (1, Environment, Germany, Johannes Gutenberg University, Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Mainz, Michael Maier-Gerber (1), Michael Riemer (2), Peter Knippertz (1), Quebec, Ron McTaggart-Cowan (3) ((1) Institute of Meteorology","submitted_at":"2018-11-29T22:13:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"Tropical cyclones that evolve from a non-tropical origin may pose a special challenge for predictions, as they often emerge at the end of a multi-scale cascade of atmospheric processes. Climatological studies have shown that the 'tropical transition' (TT) pathway plays a prominent role in cyclogenesis, in particular over the North Atlantic Ocean. Here we use operational European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ensemble predictions to investigate the TT of North Atlantic Hurricane Chris (2012), whose formation was preceded by the merger of two potential vorticity (PV) maxima, eventual"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.12513","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}