{"paper":{"title":"Coordinated through aWeb of Images: Analysis of Image-based Influence Operations from China, Iran, Russia, and Venezuela","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SI","authors_text":"J.D. Moffitt, Kathleen M. Carley, Lynnette Hui Xian Ng","submitted_at":"2022-06-07T20:47:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"State-sponsored online influence operations typically consist of coordinated accounts exploiting the online space to influence public opinion. Accounts associated with these operations use images and memes as part of their content generation and dissemination strategy to increase the effectiveness and engagement of the content. In this paper, we present a study of images from the PhoMemes 2022 Challenge originating from the countries China, Iran, Russia, and Venezuela. First, we analyze the coordination of images within and across each country by quantifying image similarity. Then, we construc"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2206.03576","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2206.03576/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}