{"paper":{"title":"Primordial black hole formation from a type II perturbation in the absence and presence of pressure","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Albert Escriv\\`a, Chul-Moon Yoo, Daiki Saito, Koichiro Uehara, Tomohiro Harada","submitted_at":"2025-05-01T07:37:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate primordial black holes (PBHs) formed from extremely large amplitudes of primordial curvature fluctuations, classified as type II. Type II fluctuations differ from type I by the presence of a stationary point on the initial time slice, when we see the areal radius as a function of the radial coordinate. Starting from these type II perturbations to form black holes, the nonlinear evolution governed by the Einstein equations generally results in two distinct types, A and B, of horizon configurations, respectively characterized by the absence and presence of a bifurcating trapping h"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.00366","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.00366/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}