{"paper":{"title":"Efficient unitary designs with a system-size independent number of non-Clifford gates","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math-ph","math.MP"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"David Gross, Felipe Montealegre-Mora, Ingo Roth, Jens Eisert, Jonas Haferkamp, Markus Heinrich","submitted_at":"2020-02-21T19:41:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"Many quantum information protocols require the implementation of random unitaries. Because it takes exponential resources to produce Haar-random unitaries drawn from the full $n$-qubit group, one often resorts to $t$-designs. Unitary $t$-designs mimic the Haar-measure up to $t$-th moments. It is known that Clifford operations can implement at most $3$-designs. In this work, we quantify the non-Clifford resources required to break this barrier. We find that it suffices to inject $O(t^{4}\\log^{2}(t)\\log(1/\\varepsilon))$ many non-Clifford gates into a polynomial-depth random Clifford circuit to o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2002.09524","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2002.09524/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}