{"paper":{"title":"An Empirical Study of Model Context Protocol Applications","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"May Mahmoud, Muhammad Hamza Arshad Majeed, Sarah Nadi","submitted_at":"2026-07-28T12:16:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Model Context Protocol (MCP) standardizes how large language model applications communicate with external tools, but leaves the application side unspecified: unlike traditional dependencies resolved through package managers, developers integrating MCP servers face no conventions for configuration, communication, or human oversight. This ecosystem is also under-researched, with existing work focused on servers rather than the applications consuming them. We conduct a large-scale study of 1,723 MCPApps mined from GitHub. We first derive MCPAppTax from a representative sample, then use an LLM"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.25635","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2607.25635/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}