{"paper":{"title":"(2+1)-Dimensional Chern-Simons Gravity as a Dirac Square Root","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Steven Carlip","submitted_at":"1991-09-04T22:09:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"For (2+1)-dimensional spacetimes with the spatial topology of a torus, the transformation between the Chern-Simons and ADM versions of quantum gravity is constructed explicitly, and the wave functions are compared. It is shown that Chern-Simons wave functions correspond to modular forms of weight 1/2, that is, spinors on the ADM moduli space, and that their evolution (in York's ``extrinsic time'' variable) is described by a Dirac equation. (This version replaces paper 9109006, which was garbled by my mailer.)"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9109006","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}