{"paper":{"title":"Breaking time-reversal symmetry for ratchet models of molecular machines","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-bio.SC"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Aidan I. Brown, Arshia Zarrin, David A. Sivak","submitted_at":"2018-12-18T20:47:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"Biomolecular machines transduce free energy from one form to another to fulfill many important roles inside cells, with dissipation required to achieve directed progress. We investigate how to break time-reversal symmetry at a given dissipation cost by using deterministic protocols to drive systems over sawtooth potentials, which have frequently been used to model molecular machines as ratchets. Time asymmetry increases for sawtooth potentials with higher barriers and for driving potentials of intermediate width. For systems driven over a sawtooth potential according to a protocol, we find tha"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.07637","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}