{"paper":{"title":"Elastica++: A high-performance, multiphysics framework for large interacting assemblies of Cosserat rods","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"Elastica++ is an open-source high-performance framework implementing the Cosserat rod model for large-scale multiphysics simulations of slender elastic structures.","cross_cats":["cs.NA","math.NA","physics.comp-ph"],"primary_cat":"cs.CE","authors_text":"Mattia Gazzola, Seung Hyun Kim, Songyuan Cui, Tejaswin Parthasarathy","submitted_at":"2026-05-13T16:47:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"Soft, slender structures are ubiquitous in natural and engineered systems, with broad application potential from biomimetic materials to soft robotics. However, there is a notable lack of computational tools that simultaneously preserve high-fidelity continuum rod mechanics, scale to large interacting ensembles, and remain flexible across diverse biophysical settings. Here we introduce Elastica++, an open-source, high-performance implementation of the Cosserat-rod model for large-scale simulations of slender-body dynamics. Elastica++ combines performance-oriented kernels with shared-memory par"},"claims":{"count":3,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"Elastica++ combines performance-oriented kernels with shared-memory parallelism to sustain teraflop-scale throughput despite complex discretization domains and physical interactions.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The Cosserat rod model plus the chosen contact and multiphysics coupling schemes remain sufficiently accurate for the demonstrated biophysical regimes without requiring additional validation or model extensions.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Elastica++ is an open-source high-performance framework implementing the Cosserat rod model for large-scale multiphysics simulations of slender elastic structures.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"2644f19c807246a810942bde43e8411d2b23a897add08cf45a9925080fc7d629"},"source":{"id":"2605.13766","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":"c50828a1-9b68-4331-a4ec-14e6144a1066","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-14T17:51:19.346003Z","strongest_claim":"Elastica++ combines performance-oriented kernels with shared-memory parallelism to sustain teraflop-scale throughput despite complex discretization domains and physical interactions.","one_line_summary":"Elastica++ is an open-source high-performance framework implementing the Cosserat rod model for large-scale multiphysics simulations of slender elastic structures.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The Cosserat rod model plus the chosen contact and multiphysics coupling schemes remain sufficiently accurate for the demonstrated biophysical regimes without requiring additional validation or model extensions.","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":50,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":2019,"title":"Aydin, O.et al.Neuromuscular actuation of biohybrid motile bots.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.116, 19841–19847 (2019)","work_id":"88bcdb6f-38be-4940-b917-40ccc69c3a5b","ref_index":1,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2019,"title":"Zhang, X., Chan, F. K., Parthasarathy, T. & Gazzola, M. Modeling and simulation of complex dynamic musculoskeletal architectures.Nat. communications10, 4825 (2019)","work_id":"8950cf8b-c090-4453-9079-4f6821d29165","ref_index":2,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2000,"title":"Hansell, M.Bird nests and construction behaviour(Cambridge Univer- sity Press, 2000)","work_id":"0ac1f44c-30e7-4668-93c2-f3db00b328c8","ref_index":3,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2020,"title":"Weiner, N., Bhosale, Y ., Gazzola, M. & King, H. Mechanics of randomly packed filaments—the “bird nest” as meta-material.J. Appl. Phys.127 (2020)","work_id":"bee7fb7d-1527-4f18-b90c-b6d80afc44bb","ref_index":4,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2020,"title":"Dong, X.et al.Bioinspired cilia arrays with programmable nonreciprocal motion and metachronal coordination.Sci. advances6, eabc9323 (2020)","work_id":"d33f3f91-d618-4496-bcf3-d00fe6c43218","ref_index":5,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false}],"resolved_work":50,"snapshot_sha256":"604176bf93d33050659c7cc9f3593b05c1cad741a83b2adcf3933cfef922079c","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}