{"paper":{"title":"The Red Supergiant Progenitor of Supernova 2012aw (PTF12bvh) in Messier 95","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"(2) UC Berkeley, (3) Tel-Aviv Univ., (4) Weizmann Institute, (5) U. Hawaii, (6) CFHT), Alan Stockton (5), Alexei V. Filippenko (2), Andrew W. Howard (2), Avishay Gal-Yam (4), Dovi Poznanski (3), Geoffrey W. Marcy (2), Howard Isaacson (2) ((1) SSC/Caltech, Iair Arcavi (4), Jean-Charles Cuillandre (6), Kathryn Silverio (2), S. Bradley Cenko (2), Schuyler D. Van Dyk (1)","submitted_at":"2012-07-11T23:22:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report on the direct detection and characterization of the probable red supergiant progenitor of the intermediate-luminosity Type II-Plateau (II-P) supernova (SN) 2012aw in the nearby (10.0 Mpc) spiral galaxy Messier 95 (M95; NGC 3351). We have identified the star in both Hubble Space Telescope images of the host galaxy, obtained 17-18 yr prior to the explosion, and near-infrared ground-based images, obtained 6-12 yr prior to the SN. The luminous supergiant showed evidence for substantial circumstellar dust, manifested as excess line-of-sight extinction. The effective total-to-selective rat"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1207.2811","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}