{"paper":{"title":"Supernova Neutrino Opacity from Nucleon-Nucleon Bremsstrahlung and Related Processes","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Georg Raffelt, Steen Hannestad","submitted_at":"1997-11-12T14:48:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Elastic scattering on nucleons, \\nu N -> N \\nu, is the dominant supernova (SN) opacity source for \\mu and \\tau neutrinos. The dominant energy- and number-changing processes were thought to be \\nu e^- -> e^- \\nu and \\nu\\bar \\nu <-> e^+ e^- until Suzuki (1993) showed that the bremsstrahlung process \\nu\\bar \\nu NN <-> NN was actually more important. We find that for energy exchange, the related ``inelastic scattering process'' \\nu NN <-> NN \\nu is even more effective by about a factor of 10. A simple estimate implies that the \\nu_\\mu and \\nu_\\tau spectra emitted during the Kelvin-Helmholtz coolin"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9711132","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/9711132/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}