{"paper":{"title":"COVID-19 as Reflected in University President Bulk Email","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Charles Chuankai Zhang, Haiyi Zhu, Jin Kang, Joseph A. Konstan, Ruoyan Kong","submitted_at":"2024-01-20T06:16:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"E-mail ``Messages From the President'' to university students, staff, and faculty have long been used to keep campus communities aware of the latest policies, events, and news. But during the COVID-19 pandemic, as universities quickly closed facilities, sent students home, and canceled travel, these messages took on even greater importance. We report on a content analysis of bulk emails from different universities' presidents to their students and employees before and in three stages of the pandemic. We find that these messages change as universities move towards and through closure. During th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.11135","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2401.11135/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}