{"paper":{"title":"Roughness as a Route to the Ultimate Regime of Thermal Convection","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"John S. Wettlaufer, Sauro Succi, Srikanth Toppaladoddi","submitted_at":"2017-01-18T16:26:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We use highly resolved numerical simulations to study turbulent Rayleigh-B\\'enard convection in a cell with sinusoidally rough upper and lower surfaces in two dimensions for $Pr = 1$ and $Ra = \\left[4 \\times 10^6, 3 \\times 10^9\\right]$. By varying the wavelength $\\lambda$ at a fixed amplitude, we find an optimal wavelength $\\lambda_{\\text{opt}}$ for which the Nusselt-Rayleigh scaling relation is $\\left(Nu-1 \\propto Ra^{0.483}\\right)$ maximizing the heat flux. This is consistent with the upper bound of Goluskin and Doering \\cite{Goluskin:2016} who prove that $Nu$ can grow no faster than ${\\cal "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.05133","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}