{"paper":{"title":"On the Formation of Solid States Beyond Perfect Crystals: Quasicrystals, Geometrically-Frustrated Crystals and Glasses","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.dis-nn"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Caroline S. Gorham, David E. Laughlin","submitted_at":"2019-07-20T17:06:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"There are three kinds of solid states of matter that can exist in physical space: quasicrystalline (quasiperiodic), crystalline (periodic) and amorphous (aperiodic). Herein, we consider the degree of orientational order that develops upon the formation of a solid state to be characterized by the application of quaternion numbers. The formation of icosahedral quasicrystalline solids is considered alongside the development of bulk superfluidity, characterized by a complex order parameter, that occurs by spontaneous symmetry breaking in three-dimensions. Crystalline solid states are viewed as hig"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1907.08839","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}