{"paper":{"title":"PIC Simulations of Velocity-Space Instabilities in a Decreasing Magnetic Field: Viscosity and Thermal Conduction","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.plasm-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Daniel Verscharen, Eliot Quataert, Mario Riquelme","submitted_at":"2017-08-13T16:24:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"We use particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of a collisionless, electron-ion plasma with a decreasing background magnetic field, $B$, to study the effect of velocity-space instabilities on the viscous heating and thermal conduction of the plasma. If $B$ decreases, the adiabatic invariance of the magnetic moment gives rise to pressure anisotropies with $p_{||,j} > p_{\\perp,j}$ ($p_{||,j}$ and $p_{\\perp,j}$ represent the pressure of species $j$ ($=i$ or $e$) parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field). Linear theory indicates that, for sufficiently large anisotropies, different velocity-spac"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1708.03926","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}