{"paper":{"title":"Decoupling Content and Expression: Two-Dimensional Detection of AI-Generated Text","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CY"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Guangsheng Bao, Lihua Rong, Qiji Zhou, Yanbin Zhao, Yue Zhang","submitted_at":"2025-03-01T00:19:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"The wide usage of LLMs raises critical requirements on detecting AI participation in texts. Existing studies investigate these detections in scattered contexts, leaving a systematic and unified approach unexplored. In this paper, we present HART, a hierarchical framework of AI risk levels, each corresponding to a detection task. To address these tasks, we propose a novel 2D Detection Method, decoupling a text into content and language expression. Our findings show that content is resistant to surface-level changes, which can serve as a key feature for detection. Experiments demonstrate that 2D"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.00258","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2503.00258/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}