{"paper":{"title":"Holographic order parameter for charge fractionalization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.str-el"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Djordje Radicevic, Sean A. Hartnoll","submitted_at":"2012-05-23T20:59:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Nonlocal order parameters for deconfinement, such as the entanglement entropy and Wilson loops, depend on spatial surfaces \\Sigma. These observables are given holographically by the area of a certain bulk spatial surface \\Gamma, ending on \\Sigma. At finite charge density it is natural to consider the electric flux through the bulk surface \\Gamma, in addition to its area. We show that this flux provides a refined order parameter that can distinguish `fractionalized' phases, with charged horizons, from what we term `cohesive' phases, with charged matter in the bulk. Fractionalization leads to a "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.5291","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}