{"paper":{"title":"Admittance-Guided Inverter Dispatch Command Manipulation Attack: A Grid Stability-Oriented Approach","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"Manipulating dispatch commands to one inverter can induce severe sub-synchronous oscillations in microgrids while staying inside normal bounds.","cross_cats":["cs.SY"],"primary_cat":"eess.SY","authors_text":"Hongwei Zhen, Mingyang Sun, Wuhua Li, Xin Xiang, Ze Yu","submitted_at":"2026-05-14T07:53:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"The high penetration of voltage source converters in modern smart microgrids enhances operational flexibility while introducing complex cyber-physical vulnerabilities. Existing cyber-attack studies either require detailed knowledge of system topology and controller dynamics or depend on repeated online interactions, which may compromise practicality by generating operationally infeasible or limit-violating commands. This article investigates a dispatch command manipulation attack and develops an admittance-guided framework to identify the vulnerable inverter and the worst-case dispatch command"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"Controller hardware-in-the-loop experiments on a five-inverter microgrid demonstrate that the identified command can drive the system into severe sub-synchronous oscillations while remaining within nominal dispatch bounds.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The physics-informed neural network accurately reconstructs the operating-point-dependent admittance of target inverters over the entire feasible dispatch region from sparse harmonic measurements.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"An admittance-guided optimization using harmonic perturbations and a physics-informed neural network identifies the worst-case dispatch command that drives a microgrid into sub-synchronous oscillations.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Manipulating dispatch commands to one inverter can induce severe sub-synchronous oscillations in microgrids while staying inside normal bounds.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"f464759a79c6ea815c59567a18ffcfdc334c471b8811a5a5273fdbf848a79e18"},"source":{"id":"2605.14509","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":"d18ee645-2a46-47f5-af75-f0864e2ab3fc","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-15T01:44:19.367351Z","strongest_claim":"Controller hardware-in-the-loop experiments on a five-inverter microgrid demonstrate that the identified command can drive the system into severe sub-synchronous oscillations while remaining within nominal dispatch bounds.","one_line_summary":"An admittance-guided optimization using harmonic perturbations and a physics-informed neural network identifies the worst-case dispatch command that drives a microgrid into sub-synchronous oscillations.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The physics-informed neural network accurately reconstructs the operating-point-dependent admittance of target inverters over the entire feasible dispatch region from sparse harmonic measurements.","pith_extraction_headline":"Manipulating dispatch commands to one inverter can induce severe sub-synchronous oscillations in microgrids while staying inside normal bounds."},"references":{"count":42,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":2018,"title":"Foundations and challenges of low-inertia systems (invited paper),","work_id":"597454e4-09a5-49cb-b747-4cdee527bdc2","ref_index":1,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2020,"title":"Grid-synchronization stability of converter-based resources—an overview,","work_id":"7fdb836b-c000-417e-aefe-a0363e2429f8","ref_index":2,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2021,"title":"Cyber security in control of grid-tied power electronic converters—challenges and vulnerabilities,","work_id":"0cb7cffb-57de-45d1-87da-2c40a46d39ed","ref_index":3,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2015,"title":"The 2015 ukraine blackout: Implications for false data injection attacks,","work_id":"a546b44b-6633-4d13-8be4-51d77905ae08","ref_index":4,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2024,"title":"Public history of solar energy cyberattacks and vulnerabilities,","work_id":"95e06b15-0d80-4992-b9d5-3aa01b47c450","ref_index":5,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false}],"resolved_work":42,"snapshot_sha256":"1b984060b5126d5f624c70206c521954c8b7249fdbcbf915fe2e22fa6fcb513a","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":1,"snapshot_sha256":"6be7c37afa65e13a7f1ec2f79c6a108ac9ceadae1623937ae1984cad3926d16e"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}