{"paper":{"title":"Late Breaking Results: Hardware-Aware Compilation Reshapes Trainability in Variational Quantum Circuits","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"Transpilation reshapes gradient statistics and thus trainability in variational quantum circuits in an architecture-dependent way.","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Muhammad Kashif, Muhammad Shafique","submitted_at":"2026-04-16T14:08:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Variational quantum circuits (VQCs) are typically evaluated at the logical design level when analyzing trainability. However, execution on real quantum devices requires hardware-aware compilation (transpilation) to satisfy qubit connectivity and native gate-set constraints. In this paper, we examine how transpilation can alter the gradient statistics. Using parameter-shift differentiation and gradient variance estimation, we compare logical and transpiled circuits across three representative ansatz families: EfficientSU2 (dense entanglement), TTN (tree tensor network), and RealAmplitudes (line"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"transpilation acts as an implicit structural transformation of the optimization landscape, motivating compilation-aware analysis and co-design for VQCs.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The differences in gradient statistics arise specifically from the structural changes imposed by satisfying hardware connectivity and gate-set constraints rather than from simulation artifacts or ansatz-specific choices.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Hardware-aware compilation reshapes gradient statistics and trainability of variational quantum circuits in an architecture-dependent manner.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Transpilation reshapes gradient statistics and thus trainability in variational quantum circuits in an architecture-dependent way.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"eb6d10ec8fe8ac3e6e8ccde6fd999f0068ed2febdc13eb24f5db9199f43ac0c1"},"source":{"id":"2604.16527","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":"452259d5-9b37-4b7d-a077-70693abcabed","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-10T11:40:42.957439Z","strongest_claim":"transpilation acts as an implicit structural transformation of the optimization landscape, motivating compilation-aware analysis and co-design for VQCs.","one_line_summary":"Hardware-aware compilation reshapes gradient statistics and trainability of variational quantum circuits in an architecture-dependent manner.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The differences in gradient statistics arise specifically from the structural changes imposed by satisfying hardware connectivity and gate-set constraints rather than from simulation artifacts or ansatz-specific choices.","pith_extraction_headline":"Transpilation reshapes gradient statistics and thus trainability in variational quantum circuits in an architecture-dependent way."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2604.16527/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}