{"paper":{"title":"Exploring the Thermal State of the Low-Density Intergalactic Medium at z=3 with an Ultra-High Signal-to-Noise QSO Spectrum","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"A. Rorai, E. Pomante, E. Tescari, F. Calura, G. Cupani, G. D. Becker, J. S. Bolton, M. G. Haehnelt, M. Viel, P. Barai, R. F. Carswell, S. Cristiani, T.-S.Kim, V. D'Odorico","submitted_at":"2016-11-11T18:32:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"At low densities the standard ionisation history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) predicts a decreasing temperature of the IGM with decreasing density once hydrogen (and helium) reionisation is complete. Heating the high-redshift, low-density IGM above the temperature expected from photo-heating is difficult, and previous claims of high/rising temperatures in low density regions of the Universe based on the probability density function (PDF) of the opacity in Lyman-$\\alpha$ forest data at $2<z<4$ have been met with considerable scepticism, particularly since they appear to be in tension with "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1611.03805","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}