{"paper":{"title":"Verification of a Fully Implicit Particle-in-Cell Method for the $v_\\parallel$ Formalism of Electromagnetic Gyrokinetics in the XGC Code","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"A. Y. Sharma, Benjamin J. Sturdevant, C. S. Chang, D. Hatch, L. Chac\\'on, M. D. J. Cole, M. F. Adams, R. Hager, S. E. Parker, S. Ku, Y. Chen","submitted_at":"2021-06-12T03:49:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"A fully implicit particle-in-cell method for handling the $v_\\parallel$-formalism of electromagnetic gyrokinetics has been implemented in XGC. By choosing the $v_\\parallel$-formalism, we avoid introducing the non-physical skin terms in Amp\\`{e}re's law, which are responsible for the well-known ``cancellation problem\" in the $p_\\parallel$-formalism. The $v_\\parallel$-formalism, however, is known to suffer from a numerical instability when explicit time integration schemes are used due to the appearance of a time derivative in the particle equations of motion from the inductive component of the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.06681","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2106.06681/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}