{"paper":{"title":"Generalistic or Specific Embeddings, Which is Better? An Empirical Study on Search for Clinical Coding in Non-English Languages","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"David Rey-Blanco, Roberto Cruz","submitted_at":"2026-05-28T20:06:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"Sentence-embedding models for semantic search are overwhelmingly developed and evaluated on English corpora. When applied to clinical retrieval in other languages -- particularly retrieval of ICD-10-CM / CIE-10 codes -- recall degrades in ways often masked by aggregate benchmarks. We study whether large generative language models can serve as data factories to close this gap. We build a two-stage retriever (bi-encoder followed by cross-encoder reranker), fine-tuned from a Spanish biomedical encoder (PlanTL-GOB-ES/bsc-bio-ehr-es) on Gemini-generated synthetic data covering English, Spanish, Cat"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.30529","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.30529/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}