{"paper":{"title":"Exploring the Evolution of Massive Clumps in Simulations that Reproduce the Observed Milky Way {\\alpha}-element Abundance Bimodality","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Bethany R. Garver, David L. Nidever, Leandro Beraldo e Silva, Tigran Khachaturyants, Victor P. Debattista","submitted_at":"2023-06-21T17:17:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Milky Way stellar disk has both a thin and a thick component. The thin disk is composed mostly of younger stars ($\\lesssim$8 Gyr) with a lower abundance of $\\alpha$ elements, while the thick disk contains predominantly older stars ($\\gtrsim$8--12 Gyr) with a higher $\\alpha$ abundance, giving rise to an $\\alpha$-bimodality most prominent at intermediate metallicities. A proposed explanation for the bimodality is an episode of clumpy star formation, where high-$\\alpha$ stars form in massive clumps that appear in the first few Gyrs of the Milky Way's evolution, while low-$\\alpha$ stars form t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.12388","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2306.12388/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}