{"paper":{"title":"Baroclinic wave dynamics in the Ekman-free rotating rectangular annulus with localized forced plume","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Amitabh Bhattacharya, Ayan Kumar Banerjee, Shivam Swarnakar, Sridhar Balasubramanian","submitted_at":"2026-06-09T03:53:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report numerical simulations of a rotating rectangular annulus that isolates the Ekman-free bulk of the cylindrical baroclinic annulus, subjected to bi-directional temperature gradients imposed by a uniformly cooled inner wall and a localized forced heated plume at the outer bottom. The finite-volume OpenFOAM solver is employed across combinations of source Richardson number $Ri_0 = 99, 4, 1$ and Rossby number $Ro = 0.3, 0.1, 0.07$. A non-dimensional scaling of the governing equations identifies geostrophic-hydrostatic balance as the leading-order bulk state, a result confirmed a posteriori"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.10386","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.10386/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}