{"paper":{"title":"3KG: Contrastive Learning of 12-Lead Electrocardiograms using Physiologically-Inspired Augmentations","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","eess.SP"],"primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","authors_text":"Andrew Y. Ng, Bryan Gopal, Gautham Raghupathi, Geoffrey H. Tison, Pranav Rajpurkar, Ryan W. Han","submitted_at":"2021-04-21T06:28:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose 3KG, a physiologically-inspired contrastive learning approach that generates views using 3D augmentations of the 12-lead electrocardiogram. We evaluate representation quality by fine-tuning a linear layer for the downstream task of 23-class diagnosis on the PhysioNet 2020 challenge training data and find that 3KG achieves a $9.1\\%$ increase in mean AUC over the best self-supervised baseline when trained on $1\\%$ of labeled data. Our empirical analysis shows that combining spatial and temporal augmentations produces the strongest representations. In addition, we investigate the effec"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.04452","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2106.04452/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}