{"paper":{"title":"Ray-Tracing vs. 3GPP TDL: Power Delay Profile Analysis in Outdoor-to-Indoor and Indoor Channels","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Chloe Makdad, Julia Andrusenko","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T16:38:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Report (TR) 38.901 channel models (Releases 15-19) are widely used for physical-layer design and system-level evaluation in dense urban outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) and indoor environments. These models capture ensemble-averaged channel statistics but do not account for site-specific geometry. In this paper, we compare Power Delay Profiles (PDPs) derived from a deterministic ray-tracing model (Remcom Wireless InSite software) with those from the 3GPP TR 38.901 Tapped Delay Line (TDL) channel models. This comparative analysis is performed using a d"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.23831","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.23831/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}