{"paper":{"title":"Inferring and Predicting Clade-Level Relative Transmission Fitness in Seasonal Influenza A Using Differential Population Growth Rate and Deep Learning","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","authors_text":"Hong Qin, Letu Qingge, Richard Annan, Ursula Senam Nkonu","submitted_at":"2026-06-21T00:13:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Seasonal influenza A evolves rapidly, allowing newly emerged clades to replace previously dominant lineages and complicate surveillance and vaccine evaluation. Here, we applied the Differential Population Growth Rate (DPGR) framework to GISAID-derived H3N2 and H1N1 surveillance data collected from 1 January 2014 to 12 February 2026, including the 2025-2026 influenza season, to estimate clade-level relative transmission fitness across continents and within the United States. We identified windows of co-circulation with sliding-window regression, reconstructed relative-fitness relationships amon"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.22279","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.22279/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}