{"paper":{"title":"Long-Lasting Extreme Magnetic Storm Activities in 1770 Found in Historical Documents","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph","physics.space-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Akito Davis Kawamura, Delores J. Knipp, Harufumi Tamazawa, Hiroaki Isobe, Hisashi Hayakawa, Ichiro Nakanishi, Kazunari Shibata, Kentaro Hattori, Kiyomi Iwahashi, Kumiko Mase, Yusuke Ebihara","submitted_at":"2017-11-02T11:29:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"Dim red aurora at low magnetic latitudes is a visual and recognized manifestation of geomagnetic storms. The great low-latitude auroral displays seen throughout East Asia on 16-18 September 1770 are considered to manifest one of the greatest storms. Recently found 111 historical documents in East Asia attest that these low-latitude auroral displays were succeeding for almost 9 nights during 10-19 September 1770 in the lowest magnetic latitude areas (< 30{\\deg}). This suggests that the duration of the great magnetic storm is much longer than usual. Sunspot drawings from 1770 reveals the fact th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.00690","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}