{"paper":{"title":"Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in Our Universe","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nucl-th"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Bo-Qiang Ma, W-Y. Pauchy Hwang","submitted_at":"2011-07-22T05:45:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"Our Universe is described jointly by Einstein's relativity principle and the quantum principle; there the existence of the smallest units of matter, such as electrons, neutrinos, quarks, and photons, is well established and the smallest units of matter are described by the Standard Model. Based on these, we have a clear picture for the propagation of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR's), for energies greater than $E > 10^{13}\\, eV$ but less than $E < 10^{26}\\, eV$, in the cosmic medium of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and of the cosmic background neutrinos (CB$\\nu$'s). We find that "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.4418","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}