{"paper":{"title":"Extraplanar H II Regions in Spiral Galaxies. II. In Situ Star Formation in the Interstellar Thick Disk of NGC 4013","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Blair D. Savage, Christopher B. Wotta, J. Christopher Howk, Katherine M. Rueff, Kevin Croxall, Nicolas Lehner","submitted_at":"2018-02-27T21:10:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present observations of an H$\\alpha$ emitting knot in the thick disk of NGC 4013, demonstrating it is an H II region surrounding a cluster of young hot stars $z = 860$ pc above the plane of this edge-on spiral galaxy. With LBT/MODS spectroscopy we show this H II region has an H$\\alpha$ luminosity $\\sim 4$ - 7 times that of the Orion nebula, with an implied ionizing photon production rate $\\log Q_0 \\gtrsim 49.4$ (photons s$^{-1}$). HST/WFPC2 imaging reveals an associated blue continuum source with $M_{V} = -8.21\\pm0.24$. Together these properties demonstrate the H II region is powered by a y"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1802.10166","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}