{"paper":{"title":"Energy- and Memory-Efficient PEFT Methods for Personalized On-Device SLMs on Consumer GPUs","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Jurn-Gyu Park, Kuanysh Akhmetzhanov","submitted_at":"2026-08-05T06:20:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Despite rapid advances in large language models (LLMs), deploying and personalizing them on resource-constrained devices remains impractical due to high VRAM, time, and energy costs. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) of Small Language Models (SLMs) offers a promising alternative, yet few studies compare PEFT methods across architectures using both general and personalization benchmarks while accounting for energy consumption. We compare five fine-tuning approaches (Full Fine-Tuning, LoRA, LoRA+, QLoRA, and BitFit) on four SLMs from two families (Transformer-based: TinyLlama-1.1B, Qwen3-1."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2608.04488","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2608.04488/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}