{"paper":{"title":"Loop Equations Characterize Random Matrix Statistics","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math-ph","math.MP"],"primary_cat":"math.PR","authors_text":"Jiaoyang Huang, Paul Bourgade","submitted_at":"2026-07-08T16:33:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"We prove that the universal local point processes of random matrix theory are characterized by their loop equation hierarchies. More precisely, for every rational $\\beta>0$, the $\\mathrm{Sine}_{\\beta}$ point process is the unique solution of the bulk loop equation hierarchy, and the $\\mathrm{Airy}_{\\beta}$ point process is the unique solution of the edge loop equation hierarchy.\n  These uniqueness results provide a direct route to universality: it suffices to verify the corresponding approximate loop equations for the ensemble. In many models, these equations follow from local laws and integra"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.07617","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2607.07617/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}