{"paper":{"title":"Multiplicity of Massive stars in the Milky Way (M3W). I. Project description, UNWIND, application to GLS 11 448, and DIB catalog","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"The binary GLS 11 448 contains two O3.5 II(f*) stars with evolutionary masses of 70 and 76 solar masses, the highest measured for O stars.","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"A. Pellerin, E. Madero Fuentes, G. Holgado, J. A. Molina-Calzada, J. I. Arias, J. Ma\\'iz Apell\\'aniz, M. Abdul-Masih, R. C. Gamen, R. H. Barb\\'a, S. Rosu, S. Sim\\'on-D\\'iaz","submitted_at":"2026-04-02T14:45:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"(ABRIDGED BUT NOT TOO FAR) Multiplicity is ubiquitous among massive stars and its understanding is constrained by the sample of well-determined orbits. The immediate goal of M3W is to significantly increase the number of massive multiple systems with well-determined orbits and masses. We will address issues such as multiplicity statistics, the mass function in clusters and the field, the properties of binaries with compact companions and gravitational-wave progenitors, the origin and characteristics of runaways and their 3-D motions, the use of apsidal motion as a probe of stellar interiors, a"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"The Aa and Ab components of GLS 11 448, both classified as O3.5 II(f*), are the two most massive O stars ever detected according to the evolutionary masses of 70±10 M⊙ and 76±11 M⊙ determined in this paper.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"Evolutionary masses rest on the assumption that standard stellar evolution tracks apply without major revision to these very massive, rapidly rotating O stars; the disentangling also assumes the UNWIND algorithm can cleanly separate the spectra without residual contamination from wind or circumstellar material.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"M3W reports a new orbit and evolutionary masses of 70 and 76 solar masses for the O3.5 components of GLS 11 448 plus a library of 631 diffuse interstellar bands including 119 new identifications.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"The binary GLS 11 448 contains two O3.5 II(f*) stars with evolutionary masses of 70 and 76 solar masses, the highest measured for O stars.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"f64cbe1ad129c5468d734d21c965a43e6f362686ac0699bc3cf5563b22ae718c"},"source":{"id":"2604.02111","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":"505f4657-4142-4b58-af10-d40fe04e78c0","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-13T21:03:01.826553Z","strongest_claim":"The Aa and Ab components of GLS 11 448, both classified as O3.5 II(f*), are the two most massive O stars ever detected according to the evolutionary masses of 70±10 M⊙ and 76±11 M⊙ determined in this paper.","one_line_summary":"M3W reports a new orbit and evolutionary masses of 70 and 76 solar masses for the O3.5 components of GLS 11 448 plus a library of 631 diffuse interstellar bands including 119 new identifications.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"Evolutionary masses rest on the assumption that standard stellar evolution tracks apply without major revision to these very massive, rapidly rotating O stars; the disentangling also assumes the UNWIND algorithm can cleanly separate the spectra without residual contamination from wind or circumstellar material.","pith_extraction_headline":"The binary GLS 11 448 contains two O3.5 II(f*) stars with evolutionary masses of 70 and 76 solar masses, the highest measured for O stars."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2604.02111/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":3,"snapshot_sha256":"d4f443e719fef1c4d414b83bfa687ee42d8c22c4478657d0663fd4b04d8b5b3b"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}