{"paper":{"title":"Ground state preparation in $(2+1)$-dimensional pure $\\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory via deterministic quantum imaginary time evolution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"Deterministic quantum imaginary time evolution prepares the ground state of a 2+1-dimensional Z2 lattice gauge theory with relative error below 0.1 percent up to twelve plaquettes.","cross_cats":["hep-th","quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-lat","authors_text":"Lento Nagano, Minoru Sekiyama","submitted_at":"2026-04-20T06:37:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we apply the deterministic quantum imaginary time evolution (QITE) algorithm to obtain the ground state of a $2+1$-dimensional pure $\\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory. We first construct the set of Pauli operators commuting with Gauss's law constraints, generalizing a previous result. This makes the deterministic QITE gauge-invariant and reduces both the measurement and gate costs significantly without adding extra algorithm errors in the QITE. Then, the classical numerical simulation of the deterministic QITE using tensor networks is performed, and the results are compared wit"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"the deterministic QITE can achieve a relative error of less than 0.1% up to a twelve-plaquette system and coupling values in a regime that we study.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The classical tensor-network simulation accurately captures the performance and error scaling of the actual quantum algorithm without introducing artifacts from the classical approximation or truncation.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Deterministic QITE made gauge-invariant via commuting Pauli operators achieves relative error below 0.1 percent for ground-state preparation in 2+1D Z2 LGT on systems up to twelve plaquettes, as shown by tensor-network simulations benchmarked against DMRG.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Deterministic quantum imaginary time evolution prepares the ground state of a 2+1-dimensional Z2 lattice gauge theory with relative error below 0.1 percent up to twelve plaquettes.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"34f152a0b928f6375a074373ce81554e5d775c86c6c30d28ef09a3afaf6e713b"},"source":{"id":"2604.17874","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":"75222131-1058-4a64-ab53-7831e6f58fce","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-10T03:50:56.774928Z","strongest_claim":"the deterministic QITE can achieve a relative error of less than 0.1% up to a twelve-plaquette system and coupling values in a regime that we study.","one_line_summary":"Deterministic QITE made gauge-invariant via commuting Pauli operators achieves relative error below 0.1 percent for ground-state preparation in 2+1D Z2 LGT on systems up to twelve plaquettes, as shown by tensor-network simulations benchmarked against DMRG.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The classical tensor-network simulation accurately captures the performance and error scaling of the actual quantum algorithm without introducing artifacts from the classical approximation or truncation.","pith_extraction_headline":"Deterministic quantum imaginary time evolution prepares the ground state of a 2+1-dimensional Z2 lattice gauge theory with relative error below 0.1 percent up to twelve plaquettes."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2604.17874/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[{"name":"doi_compliance","ran_at":"2026-05-20T04:41:18.797823Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0}],"snapshot_sha256":"c19a3586288513b88e33fc8d5c976fbd7f824cf7a008f0321aecc1931fb2090a"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}