{"paper":{"title":"Determining equilibrium osmolarity in Poly(ethylene glycol) / Chondrotin sulfate gels mimicking articular cartilage","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.soft"],"primary_cat":"q-bio.TO","authors_text":"David M. Bortz, Elizabeth Aisenbrey, Sarthok Sircar, Stephanie J. Bryant","submitted_at":"2013-08-20T20:05:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an experimentally guided, multi-phase, multi-species polyelectrolyte gel model to make quantitative predictions on the electro-chemical properties of articular cartilage. The mixture theory consists of two different types of polymers: Poly(ethylene gylcol) (PEG), Chondrotin sulfate (ChS), water (acting as solvent) and several different ions: H$^+$, Na$^+$, Cl$^-$. The polymer chains have covalent cross-links modeled using Doi rubber elasticity theory. Numerical studies on polymer volume fraction and net osmolarity (difference in the solute concentration across the gel) show the inte"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1308.4421","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}