{"paper":{"title":"The energy spectrum of cosmic rays beyond the turn-down around $10^{17}$ eV as measured with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"A. Almela, A.A. Watson, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, A. Bueno, A. Castellina, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, A.C. Fauth, A. Coleman, A. Condorelli, A.C. Rovero, A. Di Matteo, A.D. Supanitsky, A. Etchegoyen, A. Filip\\v{c}i\\v{c}, A. Fuster, A. Gherghel-Lascu, A.G. Mariazzi, A. Gorgi, A. Haungs, A. Insolia, A. K\\\"a\\\"ap\\\"a, A. Khakurdikar, A. Letessier-Selvon, A.L. Garcia Vegas, A.L. M\\\"uller, A. Machado Payeras, A.M. Badescu, A.M. Botti, A. Menshikov, A. Nasr-Esfahani, A Nucita, A. Parra, A. Puyleart, A. Saftoiu, A. Schulz, A. Segreto, A. Streich, A. Tapia, A. Travaini, A. V\\'asquez-Ram\\'irez, A. Weindl, A. Yushkov, B. Andrada, B.C. Manning, B. Fick, B. Garc\\'ia, B. Keilhauer, B.L. Lago, B. Pont, B.R. Dawson, B. Tom\\'e, B. Wundheiler, C. Aramo, C. Berat, C. Bleve, C. Bonifazi, C. Dobrigkeit, C.E. Covault, C. Galea, C. Galelli, C. Hojvat, C.J. Todero Peixoto, C. Morello, C.M. Sch\\\"afer, C.O. Escobar, C. P\\'erez Bertolli, C. Sarmiento-Cano, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, C. Trimarelli, C. Ventura, C. Watanabe, D. Boncioli, D. Correia dos Santos, D. de Oliveira Franco, D. dos Santos, D. G\\'ora, D. Harari, D. Heck, D. Lo Presti, D. Mandat, D. Martello, D. Melo, D. Mockler, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, D. Ravignani, D. Schmidt, D. Stanca, D. Veberi\\v{c}, D. Wittkowski, D. Zavrtanik, E. De Vito, E.E. Pereira Martins, E. Guido, E. Mayotte, E.M. Santos, E. Roulet, E. Santos, E. Varela, E. Zas, F. Barbato, F. Canfora, F. Catalani, F. Contreras, F. Convenga, F. de Palma, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, F. Gesualdi, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, F.G. Schr\\\"oder, F. Guarino, F.L. Briechle, F. Montanet, F. Pedreira, F. Riehn, F. Salamida, F. S\\'anchez, F. Sarazin, F. Schl\\\"uter, G.A. Anastasi, G. Avila, G. Cataldi, G.C. Hill, G. Consolati, G. De Mauro, G. Farrar, G. Golup, G. Mancarella, G. Marsella, G. Matthiae, G. Medina-Tanco, G. Parente, G.P. Guedes, G. Salina, G. Sigl, G. Silli, H. Asorey, H. Falcke, H. Gemmeke, H.J. Mathes, H. Martinez, H.O. Klages, H. Salazar, H. Schieler, H. Wahlberg, H. Wilczy\\'nski, I. Allekotte, I. Caracas, I.C. Mari\\c{s}, I. De Mitri, I.D. Vergara Quispe, I. Epicoco, I. Goos, I. Lhenry-Yvon, J.A. Bellido, J.A. Chinellato, J.A. Day, J.A. Johnsen, J. Alvarez-Mu\\~niz, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Brack, J. C. Arteaga Vel\\'azquez, J.C. D'Olivo, J. Chudoba, J. de Jes\\'us, J. de Oliveira, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, J. Ebr, J. Farmer, J.F. Soriano, J.F. Vald\\'es Galicia, J. Glombitza, J. Jurysek, J. Kemp, J. Kleinfeller, J.M. Albury, J. Manshanden, J. Matthews, J.M. Carceller, J.M. Figueira, J.M. Gonz\\'alez, J. Pallotta, J. Pawlowsky, J. Pe\\~na-Rodriguez, J. Perez Armand, J.P. Gongora, J. P\\k{e}kala, J.P. Lundquist, J. Rautenberg, J.R. H\\\"orandel, J. Ridky, J. Rodriguez Rojo, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, J. Schulte, J. Souchard, J. Stasielak, J. Vicha, J. Vink, K. Bismark, K. Daumiller, K.-D. Merenda, K.H. Becker, K.H. Kampert, K. Mulrey, K.S. Caballero-Mora, L. Anchordoqui, L.A. N\\'u\\~nez, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, L. Caccianiga, L. Cazon, L. Chytka, L. Lopes, L. Lu, L.M. Domingues Mendes, L. Miramonti, L. Nellen, L. No\\v{z}ka, L. Perrone, L. Vaclavek, L. Valore, L. Wiencke, L. Zehrer, M. Aglietta, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, M.A. Muller, M. Boh\\'a\\v{c}ov\\'a, M. Buscemi, M. B\\\"usken, M. Cerda, M. del R\\'io, M.E. Bertaina, M. Erdmann, M. Giammarchi, M. G\\'omez Berisso, M. Gottowik, M. Hrabovsk\\'y, M.I. Micheletti, M.J. Roncoroni, M. Kleifges, M. K\\\"opke, M. Mastrodicasa, M.M. Freire, M. Mostaf\\'a, M. Muzio, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, M. Palatka, M. Pech, M. Perlin, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, M. Pothast, M. Prouza, M.R. Coluccia, M. Reininghaus, M.R. Hampel, M. Risse, M. Roth, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, M. Scornavacche, M. Stadelmaier, M. Su\\'arez-Dur\\'an, M.T. Dova, M. Tueros, M. Unger, M. Vacula, M. Weber, M. Wirtz, M. Zavrtanik, N. Borodai, N. Fazzini, N. Gonz\\'alez, N. Karastathis, N. Kunka, N. Langner, O. Deligny, O. Mart\\'inez Bravo, O. Scholten, O. Sima, O. Tkachenko, O. Zapparrata, P. Assis, P. Billoir, P. Buchholz, P.F. G\\'omez Vitale, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, P.G. Isar, P. Hamal, P. Hansen, P. Horvath, P. Janecek, P.L. Biermann, P.L. Ghia, P. Mantsch, P.O. Mazur, P. Papenbreer, P. Privitera, P.R. Ara\\'ujo Ferreira, P. Ruehl, P. Savina, P. Schov\\'anek, P. Sommers, P. Stassi, P. Tobiska, P. Travnicek, Q. Luce, R. Alves Batista, R. Caruso, R.C. dos Anjos, R. Colalillo, R. Concei\\c{c}\\~ao, R.C. Shellard, R. Engel, R.G. Lang, R.J. Barreira Luz, R. L\\'opez, R.M. de Almeida, R. Mussa, R. Pelayo, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, R. Squartini, R. Ulrich, R. \\v{S}m\\'ida, R.W. Clay, S. Andringa, S. Buitink, S. Dasso, S. Hahn, S.J. De Jong, S.J. Saffi, S.J. Sciutto, S. Marafico, S. Martinelli, S. Michal, S. Mollerach, S. Petrera, S. Querchfeld, S. Schr\\\"oder, S. Sehgal, S. Stani\\v{c}, S. Vorobiov, T. Bister, T. Bretz, T.D. Grubb, T. Fitoussi, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, T. Hebbeker, The Pierre Auger Collaboration: P. Abreu, T. Huege, T. Pierog, T. Sudholz, T. Suomij\\\"arvi, U. Giaccari, V. Binet, V. de Souza, V. Lenok, V.M. Harvey, V. Novotny, V. Pirronello, V. Rizi, V. Scherini, V. Verzi, V.V. Kizakke Covilakam, W.M. Namasaka, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, X. Bertou, Z. Szadkowski, Z. Torr\\`es","submitted_at":"2021-09-27T23:54:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum above 100\\,PeV using the part of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory that has a spacing of 750~m. An inflection of the spectrum is observed, confirming the presence of the so-called \\emph{second-knee} feature. The spectrum is then combined with that of the 1500\\,m array to produce a single measurement of the flux, linking this spectral feature with the three additional breaks at the highest energies. The combined spectrum, with an energy scale set calorimetrically via fluorescence telescopes and using a single detector type, "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.13400","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2109.13400/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}