{"paper":{"title":"DLESyM-Ocean: A Deep Learning Probabilistic Global Model for Simulating Present-Day Upper Ocean and Sea Ice","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","authors_text":"Cecilia M. Bitz, Dale R. Durran, David Pruitt, Edward Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, Michael S. Pritchard, Nathaniel Cresswell-Clay, Peter Harrington, William Yik, Zachary I Espinosa","submitted_at":"2026-08-12T01:28:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"While AI has shown remarkable promise in atmospheric and meteorological forecasting, accurately simulating other components of the Earth system with AI remains an active frontier. We present DLESyM-Ocean, a Deep Learning Earth System Model that simulates global present-day sea ice and upper ocean conditions. Unlike conventional probabilistic models optimized via diffusion objectives or losses such as continuous-ranked probability score, DLESyM-Ocean is trained using a patch energy score loss. When driven by atmospheric forcing, DLESyM-Ocean produces a well-calibrated, spatially coherent, and s"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2608.11545","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2608.11545/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}