{"paper":{"title":"The MASSIVE SURVEY XXI: Local Variations in the Stellar Initial Mass Function of MASSIVE Early-Type Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Andrew B. Newman, Chung-Pei Ma, Jenny E. Greene, John P. Blakeslee, Meng Gu","submitted_at":"2026-06-23T00:14:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"Extensive evidence suggests that the stellar initial mass function (IMF) varies among early-type galaxies (ETGs), but spatially resolved studies within individual galaxies are limited in sample size. We investigate radial variations in the low-mass ($\\leq1M_{\\odot}$) IMF and its connection to stellar populations in 37 nearby massive ETGs from the MASSIVE survey. Using high-quality Magellan/LDSS-3 long-slit spectroscopy spanning $0.4\\mu$m$-1.01\\mu$m, we extract spectra in radial bins reaching outermost radii of 0.2-1.1Re across the sample. We find that the IMF becomes less bottom-heavy with inc"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.24032","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.24032/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}