{"paper":{"title":"Freeze-in Warm Dark Matter via Dimension-6 Operators in 3-3-1 Models","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","physics.comp-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Fujun Liu, Fuwei Liu","submitted_at":"2026-05-15T10:37:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a natural resolution to the fine-tuning problem inherent in the freeze-in dark matter paradigm by embedding a sterile singlet within a 3-3-1 electroweak extension. By imposing an exact $Z_{13}$ discrete gauge symmetry, we formally suppress all low-dimensional portals to ensure that the dark sector communicates with the Standard Model (SM) exclusively through a dimension-six operator. This theoretical structure allows the extraordinarily small coupling required for dark matter production to emerge naturally from the profound hierarchy between the electroweak scale and the ultra-high "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.16465","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.16465/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[{"name":"ai_meta_artifact","ran_at":"2026-05-19T19:33:23.120813Z","status":"skipped","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"claim_evidence","ran_at":"2026-05-19T19:21:57.062291Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0}],"snapshot_sha256":"fee719158c18c9159a0e195f6bbb320dd828f1f5da657008f5be0259170039ba"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}