{"paper":{"title":"Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector (SNSPD) with 3D-Printed Free-Form Microlenses","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","authors_text":"Artem Kuzmin, Christian Koos, Emanuel Knehr, Konstantin Ilin, Matthias Blaicher, Michael Siegel, Philipp-Immanuel Dietrich, Wolfgang Freude, Yilin Xu","submitted_at":"2021-04-19T16:51:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an approach to increase the effective light-receiving area of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) by means of free-form microlenses that are printed in situ on top of the sensitive detector area using high-resolution multi-photon lithography. We demonstrate a detector based on a niobium-nitride (NbN) nanowire with a 4.5 $\\mathrm \\mu$m $\\times$ 4.5 $\\mathrm \\mu$m sensitive area, supplemented with a lens of 60 $\\mathrm \\mu$m diameter. For free-space illumination at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the lensed sensor has a 100-fold-increased effective collection area, which"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.09446","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2104.09446/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}