{"paper":{"title":"Harnessing Native Chromium Oxidation for Giant Orbital Torque and Field-Free Magnetization Switching in NiFe/Cr Bilayers","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Abhishek Kumar, Athira Ravindran K, Chirag Kalouni, Damanpreet Kaur, Debangsu Roy, Kanupriya, Manish Kumar Mohanta, Preet Kamal, Puru Jena","submitted_at":"2026-07-29T17:32:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Orbital currents offer charge-to-spin conversion beyond the efficiency limit of conventional heavy-metal Spin Hall sources. However, harnessing them has so far required either thick orbital-Hall materials or additional heavy-metal conversion layers. Here, we show that the native oxide of chromium, typically regarded as parasitic, transforms a simple NiFe\\Cr bilayer into a self-contained dual-channel orbital-current source without the need for any conversion layer. First-principles calculations predict a nearly threefold enhancement of the orbital Hall conductivity upon surface oxygenation, dri"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.27306","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2607.27306/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}