{"paper":{"title":"The origin of the nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave background: the contribution from $z\\gtrsim1$ supermassive black-hole binaries","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Jean J. Somalwar, Vikram Ravi","submitted_at":"2023-06-01T16:55:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"The nano-Hertz gravitational wave background (GWB) is a key probe of supermassive black hole (SMBH) formation and evolution, if the background arises predominantly from binary SMBHs. The amplitude of the GWB, which is typically quantified in terms of the characteristic strain, $A_{\\rm 1 yr}$, at a frequency $1\\,{\\rm yr}^{-1}$, encodes significant astrophysical information about the SMBH binary (SMBHB) population, including the mass and redshift distributions of SMBHBs. Recent results from a number of pulsar timing arrays have identified a common-spectrum noise process that is consistent with a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.00898","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2306.00898/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}